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Šta su to mobilni ortodontski aparati?

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Kada govorimo o pokretnim ortodontskim aparatima, ukratko oni se mogu i moraju vaditi iz usta radi čišćenja. Sastoje se iz pločastog dela i različitih metalnih delova (žice, zavrtnji..), od kojih neki služe da apatrat čvrsto stoji u ustima a neki aktivno proizvode sile koje deluju na zube. Na ovaj način mogu se pomerati pojedini zubi ili grupe zuba, a delimično i usmeravati rast i razvoj vilica.

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Kako izgleda terapija mobilnim ortodontskim aparatima?

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Pre početka terapije neophodno je da se saniraju svi kariozni zubi i oboljenja mekih tkiva. Ortodont uzima otiske zuba i vilica, na osnovu kojih se izradjuju modeli, radi analiza i crta plan budućeg aparata koji će tehničar izraditi. Izrađuju se posebno aparat za gornju i za donju vilicu. Pacijent (i roditelj) aktivno učestvuju u terapiji. U toku predaje aparata, ortodont će obučiti kada i na koji način će biti potrebno okretati zavrtnje i na taj način uticati na aktivne delove. Jako je bitno da se dete obuči da samo skida i postavlja aparat, da bi moglo da ga koristi i kada roditelj nije prisutan.

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Kako dete prihvata mobilne ortodontske aparate?

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U početku može postojati neprijatnost. pacijent oseća napetost u predelu zuba, neki glasovi su teži za izgovor. Ako se aparat nosi redovno, ove početne neprijatnosti nestaju i pacjent se prilagodjava. Najveći broj aparat se može skidati u toku jela, ali ne svi. Potrebno je nositi ih i danju i noću. .Oralna higijena i čistoća aparata su obavezni, kao i redovne kontrole.

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Kada je najbolje vreme za početak terapije mobilnim ortodontskim aparatom?

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Mobilni aparati najveći efekat imaju u toku intenzivnog rasta i razvoja vilica, tj. do 12. godine. Kod odraslih se koriste najčešće kao pasivni aparati za očuvanje rezulatata postignutih fiksnim aparatima.

Autor dr Marija Matić

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